Content guide

Annex 1 – Quick Guide to Using the Register of Food Additive Authorisations

Identify Additive Name and/or E Number
  • At least one of these is required to search the register
Identify food category for product in question
  • List of categories can be found in Part D of Annex II of Regulation (EC) 1333/2008 as it had effect before 1 April 2025
  • Note category 0 includes all foods (with relevant restrictions/exemptions) so should be considered together with any specific category
Access register
Search by additive name or E number 
  • Click on additive to open authorisation
  • Note in Product Details whether additive also belongs to any groups as conditions of use may relate to groups as well as individual additives
  • Ensure additive is authorised for use in Scotland.
Open ‘Conditions of Use in Foods’
  • Directs to Annex II of Regulation (EC) 1333/2008 as it had effect immediately before 1 April 2025, which reflects conditions of the authorisation
Scroll to Part E: Authorised Food Additives and Conditions of Use
  • 14 tables, each linked to food categories
  • Select table for food category in question
Identify Conditions of Use for Additive/Food combination
  • If additive is authorised in the food, it will be listed, together with any conditions of use. If it is not listed, either on its own or as part of a group, it means it is not authorised for that food category.
  • Need to check any groups additive is part of in addition to individual additive.
  • Notes apply in many cases with additional details on conditions of use.
  • Please note that there might be some exceptions, e.g. the Wine Regulations 2019/934.

Annex 2 – Examples of LA sample failures for additives

Name of Additive and inclusion in any additive group(s)Product Category, including examplesMaximum level permitted (mg/l) or (mg/kg) Examples of Non-compliance

Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)

E 220

Group(s):

E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites

08.1

Fresh meat, excluding meat preparations as defined by Regulation (EC) No 853/2004

Not permitted

Assimilated Regulation (EC) No. 1333/2008 – Annex II Rows 1501-1750

  • Presence of sulphur dioxide in minced beef
 

08.2

Meat preparations as defined by Regulation (EC) No 853/2004

450mg/kg

Only permitted in burger meat with ≥4% vegetable or cereal content, breakfast sausages and some traditional Spanish/Portuguese meat preparations

Assimilated Regulation (EC) No. 1333/2008 – Annex II Rows 1501-1750

  • Exceedance of permitted level in burgers and sausages

  • Presence in meat preparations where SO2 is not permitted

Propionic Acid

E 280

Group(s):


E 280–283: Propionic acid — propionates

07.1

Bread and rolls

1000-3000mg/kg

Different levels apply to different types of bread product, as specified in the authorisation.

Assimilated Regulation (EC) No. 1333/2008 – Annex II Rows 1251-1500

  • Exceedance of permitted level in naan breads, flatbreads and tortillas

Sorbic Acid

E200

Group(s):

Multiple Groups – see authorisation for detail

01.4

Flavoured fermented milk products including heat-treated products

300 mg/kg

Only non-heat-treated dairy-based desserts

Assimilated Regulation (EC) No. 1333/2008 – Annex II Rows 1 - 250

  • Presence in products not covered by authorisation (Flavoured yoghurt)

Sodium Nitrate

E251

Group(s):

E 251–252: Nitrates

08.2 

Meat preparations as defined by Regulation (EC) No 853/2004

Not permitted

 

Assimilated Regulation (EC) No. 1333/2008 – Annex II Rows 1501-1750

 

  • Presence in raw cooking chorizo

Note that cured chorizo would fall into a separate food category (08.3.1 - non-heat-treated meat products) which permits nitrates to be added up to 150 mg/kg during manufacturing

08.3.4.2

Traditional dry cured products

250 mg/kg

Maximum residual amount, residue level at the end of the production process, expressed as NaNO 2 or NaNO 3

Assimilated Regulation (EC) No. 1333/2008 – Annex II Rows 1501-1750

  • Exceedance of permitted level in dry cured bacon

Ponceau 4R

E124

12.6

Sauces

Not permitted

Assimilated Regulation (EC) No. 1333/2008 – Annex II Rows 2251-2500

  • Presence in takeaway sauces

Allura Red

E129

Group(s)

Group III: Colours with combined maximum limit

08.3.1 

Non-heat-treated meat products

Not permitted

Assimilated Regulation (EC) No. 1333/2008 – Annex II Rows 1501-1750

 

  • Presence in marinated chicken

Similar failures noted for carmoisine (E 122) and tartrazine (E 102)

Monosodium Glutamate

E621

Group(s):

Group I and 

E 620–625: Glutamic acid — glutamates

12.6

Sauces

E620-E625 Permitted at up to 10g/kg, expressed as glutamic acid.

 

Assimilated Regulation (EC) No. 1333/2008 – Annex II Rows 2251-2500

  • Exceedance of permitted level in takeaway sauce

Annex 3 – Worked Examples

Example A:

A butcher produces beef burgers using a seasoning blend as part of the recipe. The packaging for the seasoning shows that this contains sulphur dioxide (E 220). The inspecting officer wants to verify that the use of the additive is in accordance with the authorisation.

The beef burgers are sold raw. The appropriate food category would therefore be: 

Category 08.2 Meat preparations as defined by Regulation (EC) No 853/2004

  • Determine whether the additive in question is permitted

Additive: Sulphur Dioxide E 220

Groups: Sulphur Dioxide – Sulphites E220 – E228

From authorisation:

E220-E228 sulphur dioxide – sulphites are permitted up to 450mg/kg in burger meat with a minimum vegetable and/or cereal content of 4% mixed within the meat.

The documented recipe includes 500g rusks per 10kg batch. This equates to a cereal content of 5%, therefore, E220 is permitted in this product.

  • Determine whether the product composition is compliant

E220-E228 is permitted up to 450 mg/kg. The notes indicate that this is the maximum level expressed as SO2 from all sources.

As the authorisation does not specify otherwise, in accordance with Article 11, the level applies to the limit in the food as marketed. 

The technical data sheet for the seasoning confirms that it contains E220 at 1.5%. No other sulphites are present and there are no other sources of sulphites in the recipe.

The authorisation limit is in mg/kg. It is therefore necessary to calculate the volume of additive present in one kg of the burger meat being produced. This should be calculated as follows:  

The recipe indicates that 250g of seasoning is added per 10kg batch of burger meat. Dividing both amounts by 10 shows that there is 25g of seasoning for every 1 kg of burger meat. 

The concentration of SO2 in the seasoning is 1.5%.1.5% of 25 is 0.375, meaning there is 0.375g (equivalent to 375mg) of SO2 in 25g of seasoning and 1 kg of burger meat. 

  • Conclusion

If process controls are in place to ensure the recipe is adhered to, this would result in a finished product which contains 375 mg/kg SO2, which is within the level permitted by the authorisation.

Example B:

An officer is carrying out an inspection of a ready meal manufacturer. The business use monosodium glutamate (MSG) (E 621) as an ingredient and the inspecting officer wants to verify that it is being used in accordance with the authorisation. They select a sweet and sour chicken product to consider in detail as part of the verification process. The final product contains cooked chicken, sweet and sour sauce, onions, peppers and pineapple. 

Determine the food category

There is no single product category which would cover the sweet and sour chicken, as a compound food. 

Having reviewed the recipe and product specification, for the purposes of food additive authorisations, the officer considers the product is a compound food which comprises ingredients from different food categories:

Cooked chicken (40%)       Category 8.3.2 Heat-treated meat product

Cooked vegetables (20%)  Category 4.2.4.1 Fruit and vegetable preparations

Sauce (40%)                      Category 12.6 Sauces

Determine whether the additive in question in permitted

Additive: Monosodium glutamate (E 621)

Groups: Group I and group E 620–625: Glutamic acid — glutamates

From authorisation:

Part C(1) of Annex II in the authorisation details that E621 is a member of Group I, with a limit of 10g/kg either individually or combined with E620-E625, where that group is permitted in a food, expressed as glutamic acid.

IngredientGroup 1

Chicken

Cat 8.3.2

Permitted as per group I criteria i.e. 10g/kg E620-E625, expressed as glutamic acid

Vegetables

Cat 4.2.4.1

Permitted as per group I criteria i.e. 10g/kg E620-625, expressed as glutamic acid

Sauce

Cat 12.6

Permitted as per group I criteria i.e. 10g/kg E620-E625, expressed as glutamic acid

Determine whether the product composition is compliant

From the recipe and manufacturing instructions, the officer establishes that the MSG is added as an ingredient within the sauce and no other ingredients used contain the additives E620-E625

The recipe indicates that 200g MSG is added to each 10kg batch of sauce, which equates to 20g/kg of E621.  The authorisation states a level, expressed as glutamic acid rather than monosodium glutamate.

The officer checks the data sheet for the MSG, which confirms it is entirely MSG with no other ingredients. From research they establish that MSG contains 87.72% glutamic acid, therefore, the 20g/kg equates to a glutamic acid content of 17.5g/kg in the sauce.

Conclusion

The average glutamic acid content across all components of the sweet and sour chicken would be 7g/kg (as the sauce makes up only 40% of the meal and there are no other sources of glutamic acid). However, each component of the compound food must comply with the conditions of use in the authorisation.

The presence of E621 at 20g/kg in the sauce, equivalent to 17.5g/kg glutamic acid, exceeds the permitted 10g/kg glutamic acid for that component of the food. The product is therefore non-compliant with the authorisation.

 

Annex 4 – Aide memoire

Considerations 

 

Notes

Identification of additives used

  • Are additives used listed in the FSMS?
  • Additives on site that are not listed?
  • Consideration of substitute additives/additive containing ingredients?
  • Additive labels/technical data sheets available?
 

Establishing Additive limits 

  • Have correct legal limits been identified?
  • Do limits used align with correct product category?
  • If limit is quantum satis, has FBO defined this for their product specification?

    Does the carry over principle apply?

 

Adherence to limits

  • Has FBO calculated the amount of additive to be used?
  • Has calculation been done for correct stage of inclusion, as per authorisation?
  • If quantum satis – how has FBO determined additive amount required?
  • How has this been validated?
  • Process/recipes/manufacturing instructions in place to ensure limit is not breached?
  • Have naturally occurring sulphites been considered, where applicable?
 

Labelling 

  • Are products accurately labelled with additive name or E number?
  • Do any additional labelling requirements apply? 
 

Staff training

  • Are staff trained in product production/additive usage?
  • Do staff show a clear understanding of how additives should be used?
  • Do staff responses align with FSMS? 
 

Verification

  • Consideration of additives in sampling plan
  • Do other verification activities cover food additive use
 
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